An arrhythmia is an irregular change in the beating pattern of the heart. Sinus arrhythmia is what can be defined as the anxious state of the slowing down of the heart while breathing out or during expiration and increasing of the heart beat while inhaling or during inspiration. This abnormality could prove to be dangerous and if remained uncured might as well lead to the death of the patient.

It is possible for sinus arrhythmia to strike at any age. Although, the condition is more common in the elderly striking most people after reaching the age of seventy. Sinus arrhythmia does not usually describe only one kind of heart rhythm difficulty, but several difficulties concerning various kinds of arrhythmias.

Our hearts naturally have a pacemaker which keeps it beating. The heart's pacemaker is found in the heart chamber on the upper right and is known as the sinus node. The sinus node produces electrical impulses continually throughout our lifetime. If the pattern is disrupted, the natural rhythm of our heartbeat can become erratic.

And a word of caution when you say,'What is sinus arrhythmia?', that sinus bradycardia is not the same as sinus arrhythmia. The symptoms of both the forms of heart-beat irregularities are divergent and the manifestations are different. Sinus arrhythmia affects the vagus nerve which is responsible for activating the nervous system-triggered parasympathetic input which regulates the heart beat. This systematic failure of the medulla oblongata results in the condition which is termed as sinus arrhythmia. To put it in simple words, the vagus nerve is left unstimulated resulting in the wrong signals to the heart and the subsequent decline in pitch of the heart rate. This is what is sinus arrhythmia.

Arrhythmias result from damage to or an abnormality of the heart's electrical conduction system, which is responsible for setting the rate and rhythm of the heart. The most common cause is coronary artery disease, especially a heart attack, which interferes with the conduction system. Another common cause is an overactive thyroid (a gland in the neck that produces a hormone that controls the rate of the body's chemical reactions).

The common Causes of Arrhythmias :

It can be caused by heart disease or high blood pressure .
Stress, caffeine, smoking, alcohol, pregnancy, and some medications can also cause an arrhythmia.
The arrhythmia may be caused by a congenital heart defect (a heart problem from birth).

Some Symptoms of Arrhythmias :

Shortness of breath
Sweating
Heart murmur
Chest pain
Fainting Skipping beats
Skipping beats - changes in the pattern of the pulse
Paleness
Light-headedness , dizziness
Difficulty exercising
Cardiac arrest
Slow heartbeat

Treatment of Arrhythmias :-

An artificial pacemaker is an electronic device placed under the skin on the chest. It helps the heart maintain a regular beat, especially when the heart beats too slowly.
Cardiac defibrillation (very brief electric shock) can be used to stop an abnormal rhythm and restore a normal one.
Treatment for Cardiac Arrhythmias Tips
1. Using a small, battery-powered generator to deliver timed, electrical impulses to the heart muscle through tiny wire leads.
2. The treatment for some patients is a technique called cardiac ablation.
3. Magnetic Guidance in the Heart While transcatheter ablation is very effective, it can be difficult.
4. Stereotaxis Niobe Magnetic Navigation System uses two superconductive magnets, a magnetic-tipped guide wire and advanced computer imaging techniques.
5. Atrial fibrillation can also be treated through a procedure, e.g. pulmonary vein isolation.
6. Fibrillation differs in that it is used for ventricular fibrillation and pulseless ventricular tachycardia.

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